Allocations DPD Discussion and Consultation Document

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.

Rochford Site Allocations DPD

Outlined below are the Historic Environment and management (HEM) Teams comments on those options set out in the Rochford site allocations DPD. These are mainly focused upon section 2 the residential allocations and brownfield sites and section 3 new employment sites. Section 4, Environment, requires the addition of an appropriately worded section to cover the Historic Environment of the Rochford Area. This could be provided by the HEM team if required.

Section 2: Residential

Residential Land Allocations

North of London Road Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options NLR1-4 for land north of London Road as lying within an area characterised by an historic dispersed settlement pattern retaining good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to any of the four options suggested, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites, the historic environment character and potential any future large scale housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Rochford

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies the site West of Rochford as lying within an area of high potential for surviving below ground deposits in un-quarried areas (HECZ 18). The limited archaeological knowledge of the site probably relates to a lack of fieldwork than to a genuine lack of early settlement as extensive evidence of prehistoric occupation lies to the south of the site at Westbarrow Hall. The area around the scheduled Rochford Hall should also be considered one of archaeolgocial potential, as the postulated location of medieval settlement. Whilst there would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the four options (WR1-4) suggested for land West of Rochford, given the sites adjacency to known heritage sites and its archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Hockley

This proposed site area lies with an historic landscape of dispersed settlement which dates to the medieval or earlier periods and within a zone (HECZ 33) identified in the Rochford Historic Environment Character (HEC) project as retaining a high potential for historic environment assets. There would be no objection on Historic Environment grounds to any of the five options (HW1-5) suggested for land West of Hockley, although options WH2 or WH5 would be preferred due to previous development, they would entail the least impact on nay surviving remains. The other options would however require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered. Consideration should also be given to the landscape character of the are and the woodland setting.

South Hawkwell

Within the Rochford HEC the proposed development south of Hawkwell lies within the (HECZ 26), Land between Hockley and Ashingdon. This area of predominantly rural landscape slopes down to the Crouch Estuary between Hawkwell and Ashingdon, is noted for its dispersed settlement and the number of find spots, particularly of prehistoric material and its potential for archaeological sites despite little formal investigation having been carried out. Having considered the sites historic environment character and potential we would have no objection to the options (SH1-4) but given the sites archaeological potential any future housing development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and polyfocal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies less than a 1km to the north while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm lie closeby. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (EA1-4) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South West Hullbridge

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 36) for land west of Hullbridge states that whilst archaeological deposits are rare, prehistoric sites are present within the inter tidal zone and in general the area has potential for deposits to survive. Two known undated earthworks at Maylons and South of Maylons lie within the proposed area while a medieval moated site is closeby. Options SWH1 and 2 have the greatest impact on the earthwork sites, Options 3 and 4, less impact. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South west Hullbridge, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South Canewdon

The Historic Environment Character Zone (HECZ 12) shows that Canewdon is an example of a late Saxon/early Medieval settlement focused on the church hall complex but surrounded by a wider dispersed pattern of manors. On comparison with similar settlements it is reasonable to assume that archaeological remains survive within and in the proximity of the historic settlement particularly those historic assets associated with the coast and historic core. Some archaeological finds have been unearthed immediately north of option SC2-4 but little to the south, further away from the historic core, in the area of SC1. We would have no objection to the options outlined for South Canewdon, but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South East Ashingdon

The site lies within Historic Environment Character Area (HECA 13) characterised by its landscape of dispersed and poly-focal settlements, church/hall complexes and historic farms. The medieval church/hall complex of Ashingdon Hall/St Andrews Church lies nearby while a number of halls, moated sites and farms including Apton Hall, Little Stambridge Hall, Moated site of Rectory Hall and Doggetts Farm are in close proximity. Roman material has also been identified to the west of Doggetts Farm. The zone is also noted for the many archaeological sites of a multi-period date and the potential for archaeological survival due to lack of development. Although there is limited archaeological knowledge within the limits of the proposed site, the area has been identified as being sensitive to change. We would have no objection to the options (SEA1-3) but would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

West Great Wakering

Options for West Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

We would have no objection to the options (WGW1-5), although those incorporating or part incorporating former extractions such as WGW1-3 will have the least impact upon the historic environment. Otherwise non-quarried areas (most of WGW 4 7 5 ) would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Brownfield Sties

Stambridge Mills

Stambridge Mill survives as a complex multi-period site comprising a wide range of buildings, structures and earthworks which together chart the development of an historic milling site dating from the 18th century or earlier. In a wider context it sits within an industrial backdrop of quays and wharfs and a prehistoric landscape, with important Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement recently unearthed at nearby Coombes Farm. We would have no objection to the redevelopment of the Stambridge Mills site, but would require historic building survey to record the complex prior to any demolition and an archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

Section 3 Economic Development

Additional Employment Land to be Allocated

West of Rayleigh

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that the options for land West of Rayleigh lie within an area characterised by historic dispersed settlement retaining good potential for below ground deposits *HECZ 34). Whilst there would be no objection to the options for a new employment park, options E13 and E15 would have the least impact on the historic environment. Any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

Michelins Farm

The Rochford Historic Environment Character project identifies that option E18 for employment land at Michelins Farm lies within an area characterised by multi-period settlement, as revealed during the recent excavations along the A130, with a good potential for below ground deposits (HECZ 40). Whilst there would be no objection to option E18 any future development would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage.

London Southend Airport and Environs

Within the Rochford Historic Environment Character report the relevant character zones (HECZ 17 & 18) identify the areas not already developed has having a high potential for the survival of historic environment assets.

The area is one which although partially disturbed through construction of the airport and modern industrial buildings retains a significant archaeological and more general historic environment potential. In addition to known sites such as the medieval church of St Lawrence, moated sites, post-medieval tile kilns and brickworks, further finds, in the area of the on-going airport railway terminal and to the west of the site indicate extensive prehistoric activity. Furthermore the airfield was established by the RFC during WW1 and was later requisitioned to become RAF Rochford, part of the Fighter Command during WWII. The airfield was heavily defended and still contains a large number of extant features relating to the security of the airfield. Any future development proposals would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage potential of the area is taken into account at an early stage and to make sure that opportunities for pro-active assessment, management and enhancement are fully considered.

South of Great Wakering

Options for south of Great Wakering lie within Historic Environment Zone Area (HECZ 7) an area notable for its multi period landscape dating from the Middle Bronze Age. Brickearth quarrying has had a significant impact upon the historic environment although there remains a high potential for archaeological remains in those areas not previously subject to quarrying.

Due to quarrying options E22, south of Star Lane brickworks, and E23 & 24, south of Poynters Road have no historic environment implications and E19 would have the least impact of the remaining options. Otherwise non-quarried areas would require a programme of archaeological evaluation to ensure that the cultural heritage is taken into account at an early stage.